Standard 4: Students will understand that water cycles through and between reservoirs in the hydrosphere and affects the other spheres of the Earth system.

Objective 2: Analyze the physical and biological dynamics of the oceans.
a. Describe the physical dynamics of the oceans (e.g., wave action, ocean currents, El Nino, tides).
b. Determine how physical properties of oceans affect organisms (e.g., salinity, depth, tides, temperature).